Salah (prayer) is the second pillar of Islam and the most important act of worship after the declaration of faith. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: "The first matter that the servant will be brought to account for on the Day of Judgment is the prayer." (Ahmad, Nasa'i)

Step 1: Make Wudu (Ablution)

Before prayer, you must be in a state of ritual purity (wudu). The steps of wudu are:

  1. Make intention in your heart
  2. Say Bismillah and wash both hands to the wrist (3 times)
  3. Rinse the mouth (3 times)
  4. Sniff water into the nose and blow it out (3 times)
  5. Wash the face from hairline to chin (3 times)
  6. Wash the right arm to the elbow, then the left (3 times each)
  7. Wipe the head (once, front to back and back to front)
  8. Wipe the ears with wet fingers
  9. Wash the right foot to the ankle, then the left (3 times each)

Step 2: Face the Qibla

Stand facing the direction of the Kaaba in Mecca. Use the DuaSalaam Qibla Finder to determine the correct direction from your location.

Step 3: Make the Niyyah (Intention)

The intention is made in the heart — you do not need to say it aloud. Simply intend in your heart which prayer you are performing (e.g., "I intend to pray 2 rakats of Fajr for the sake of Allah").

Step 4: Opening Takbeer

Raise both hands to your earlobes (men) or shoulders (women) and say:

اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ

Allahu Akbar — "Allah is the Greatest"

Then place your right hand over your left on your chest (or below the navel, depending on madhab).

Step 5: Qiyam — Standing

Recite the opening supplication (Thana), then Surah Al-Fatiha:

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ

After Al-Fatiha, recite any other surah from the Quran (in the first two rakats).

Step 6: Ruku — Bowing

Say Allahu Akbar and bow with your back flat and hands on your knees. In this position, say:

سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْعَظِيمِ

Subhana Rabbiyal-Azeem — "Glory be to my Lord, the Magnificent" (3 times)

Then rise saying Sami'allahu liman hamidah and respond Rabbana lakal-hamd.

Step 7: Sujood — Prostration

Say Allahu Akbar and prostrate with 7 body parts touching the ground: forehead (with nose), both palms, both knees, and both feet. Say:

سُبْحَانَ رَبِّيَ الْأَعْلَى

Subhana Rabbiyal-A'la — "Glory be to my Lord, the Most High" (3 times). Rise, sit briefly, then prostrate again.

Step 8: Tashahhud (At the End)

After the final rakat, sit and recite the Tashahhud:

اَلتَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ وَالصَّلَوَاتُ وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ، اَلسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ

Then recite Durood Ibrahim (sending blessings upon the Prophet) and any dua.

Step 9: Closing Salaam

Turn your head to the right and say Assalamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullah, then to the left and repeat. This completes the prayer.

The Five Daily Prayers

  • Fajr — 2 fard rakats (before sunrise)
  • Dhuhr — 4 fard rakats (midday)
  • Asr — 4 fard rakats (afternoon)
  • Maghrib — 3 fard rakats (after sunset)
  • Isha — 4 fard rakats (night)

Check the DuaSalaam Prayer Times page for accurate Salah times at your location today.